Law & Powers

Use of Reasonable Force in Security Work Explained

12 min read· Updated 2026-07-07· Free · No signup

'Reasonable force' is the phrase every security professional relies on and few can articulate cleanly. Get this wrong and you're facing assault charges. Get it right and the law protects you.

Key takeaways

  • Force must be necessary and proportionate.
  • Section 3 Criminal Law Act 1967 authorises reasonable force to prevent crime.
  • Common law self-defence covers protecting yourself or others.
  • Pre-emptive force can be lawful — waiting to be hit is not required.

The two-part test

Was force necessary in the circumstances as you honestly believed them to be? And was the force used proportionate to the threat? Both questions must answer 'yes'.

Where guards get into trouble

Continuing to use force after the threat has ended. The law recognises the difficulty of judging in the moment but it does not tolerate 'punishment'.

Documenting force lawfully used

Immediate written note, medical check offered, CCTV preserved, statement to police if attended. The paper trail is what protects you weeks later.

Quick checklist

  • Understood the necessary + proportionate test
  • Rehearsed disengagement wording
  • Practised writing a use-of-force report

Common mistakes

  • Continuing restraint after compliance.
  • Failing to seek medical attention for the person restrained.

Frequently asked questions

Can I hit first?+

If you honestly and reasonably believe an attack is imminent, pre-emptive force can be lawful.

Is there a national use-of-force standard for security?+

No single statutory framework, but SIA-approved training aligns to industry best practice around necessity and proportionality.

Related guides